LOGGER

Section: User Commands (1)
Updated: November 2015
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NAME

logger - enter messages into the system log  

SYNOPSIS

logger [options] [message]  

DESCRIPTION

logger makes entries in the system log.

When the optional message argument is present, it is written to the log. If it is not present, and the -f option is not given either, then standard input is logged.  

OPTIONS

-d, --udp

Use datagrams (UDP) only. By default the connection is tried to the syslog port defined in /etc/services, which is often 514 .

-e, --skip-empty

Ignore empty lines when processing files. An empty line is defined to be a line without any characters. Thus a line consisting only of whitespace is NOT considered empty. Note that when the --prio-prefix option is specified, the priority is not part of the line. Thus an empty line in this mode is a line that does not have any characters after the priority prefix (e.g. <13>).

-f, --file file

Log the contents of the specified file. This option cannot be combined with a command-line message.

-i

Log the PID of the logger process with each line.

--id[=id]

Log the PID of the logger process with each line. When the optional argument id is specified, then it is used instead of the logger command's PID. The use of --id=$$ (PPID) is recommended in scripts that send several messages.

Note that the system logging infrastructure (for example systemd when listening on /dev/log) may follow local socket credentials to overwrite the PID specified in the message. logger(1) is able to set those socket credentials to the given id, but only if you have root permissions and a process with the specified PID exists, otherwise the socket credentials are not modified and the problem is silently ignored.

--journald[=file]

Write a systemd journal entry. The entry is read from the given file, when specified, otherwise from standard input. Each line must begin with a field that is accepted by journald; see systemd.journal-fields(7) for details. The use of a MESSAGE_ID field is generally a good idea, as it makes finding entries easy. Examples:

    logger --journald <<end
    MESSAGE_ID=67feb6ffbaf24c5cbec13c008dd72309
    MESSAGE=The dogs bark, but the caravan goes on.
    DOGS=bark
    CARAVAN=goes on
    end
    logger --journald=entry.txt

Notice that --journald will ignore values of other options, such as priority. If priority is needed it must be within input, and use PRIORITY field. The simple execution of journalctl will display MESSAGE field. Use journalctl --output json-pretty to see rest of the fields.

--msgid msgid

Sets the RFC5424 MSGID field. Note that the space character is not permitted inside of msgid. This option is only used if --rfc5424 is specified as well; otherwise, it is silently ignored.

-n, --server server

Write to the specified remote syslog server instead of to the system log socket. Unless --udp or --tcp is specified, logger will first try to use UDP, but if this fails a TCP connection is attempted.

--no-act

Causes everything to be done except for writing the log message to the system log, and removing the connection or the journal. This option can be used together with --stderr for testing purposes.

--octet-count

Use the RFC 6587 octet counting framing method for sending messages. When this option is not used, the default is no framing on UDP, and RFC6587 non-transparent framing (also known as octet stuffing) on TCP.

-P, --port port

Use the specified port. When this option is not specified, the port defaults to syslog for udp and to syslog-conn for tcp connections.

-p, --priority priority

Enter the message into the log with the specified priority. The priority may be specified numerically or as a facility.level pair. For example, -p local3.info logs the message as informational in the local3 facility. The default is user.notice.

--prio-prefix

Look for a syslog prefix on every line read from standard input. This prefix is a decimal number within angle brackets that encodes both the facility and the level. The number is constructed by multiplying the facility by 8 and then adding the level. For example, local0.info, meaning facility=16 and level=6, becomes <134>.

If the prefix contains no facility, the facility defaults to what is specified by the -p option. Similarly, if no prefix is provided, the line is logged using the priority given with -p.

This option doesn't affect a command-line message.

--rfc3164

Use the RFC 3164 BSD syslog protocol to submit messages to a remote server.

--rfc5424[=without]

Use the RFC 5424 syslog protocol to submit messages to a remote server. The optional without argument can be a comma-separated list of the following values: notq, notime, nohost.

The notq value suppresses the time-quality structured data from the submitted message. The time-quality information shows whether the local clock was synchronized plus the maximum number of microseconds the timestamp might be off. The time quality is also automatically suppressed when --sd-id timeQuality is specified.

The notime value (which implies notq) suppresses the complete sender timestamp that is in ISO-8601 format, including microseconds and timezone.

The nohost value suppresses gethostname(2) information from the message header.

The RFC 5424 protocol has been the default for logger since version 2.26.

-s, --stderr

Output the message to standard error as well as to the system log.

--sd-id name[@digits]

Specifies a structured data element ID for an RFC 5424 message header. The option has to be used before --sd-param to introduce a new element. The number of structured data elements is unlimited. The ID (name plus possibly @digits) is case-sensitive and uniquely identifies the type and purpose of the element. The same ID must not exist more than once in a message. The @digits part is required for user-defined non-standardized IDs.

logger currently generates the timeQuality standardized element only. RFC 5424 also describes the elements origin (with parameters ip, enterpriseId, software and swVersion) and meta (with parameters sequenceId, sysUpTime and language). These element IDs may be specified without the @digits suffix.

--sd-param name=value

Specifies a structured data element parameter, a name and value pair. The option has to be used after --sd-id and may be specified more than once for the same element. Note that the quotation marks around value are required and must be escaped on the command line.

    logger --rfc5424 --sd-id zoo@123               \
                     --sd-param tiger=\"hungry\"   \
                     --sd-param zebra=\"running\"  \
                     --sd-id manager@123           \
                     --sd-param onMeeting=\"yes\"  \
                     "this is message"

produces:

  <13>1 2015-10-01T14:07:59.168662+02:00 ws kzak - - [timeQuality tzKnown="1" isSynced="1" syncAccuracy="218616"][zoo@123 tiger="hungry" zebra="running"][manager@123 onMeeting="yes"] this is message

--size size

Sets the maximum permitted message size to size. The default is 1KiB characters, which is the limit traditionally used and specified in RFC 3164. With RFC 5424, this limit has become flexible. A good assumption is that RFC 5424 receivers can at least process 4KiB messages.

Most receivers accept messages larger than 1KiB over any type of syslog protocol. As such, the --size option affects logger in all cases (not only when --rfc5424 was used).

Note: the message-size limit limits the overall message size, including the syslog header. Header sizes vary depending on the selected options and the hostname length. As a rule of thumb, headers are usually not longer than 50 to 80 characters. When selecting a maximum message size, it is important to ensure that the receiver supports the max size as well, otherwise messages may become truncated. Again, as a rule of thumb two to four KiB message size should generally be OK, whereas anything larger should be verified to work.

--socket-errors[=mode]

Print errors about Unix socket connections. The mode can be a value of off, on, or auto. When the mode is auto logger will detect if the init process is systemd, and if so assumption is made /dev/log can be used early at boot. Other init systems lack of /dev/log will not cause errors that is identical with messaging using openlog(3) system call. The logger(1) before version 2.26 used openlog, and hence was unable to detected loss of messages sent to Unix sockets.

The default mode is auto. When errors are not enabled lost messages are not communicated and will result to successful return value of logger(1) invocation.

-T, --tcp

Use stream (TCP) only. By default the connection is tried to the syslog-conn port defined in /etc/services, which is often 601.

-t, --tag tag

Mark every line to be logged with the specified tag. The default tag is the name of the user logged in on the terminal (or a user name based on effective user ID).

-u, --socket socket

Write to the specified socket instead of to the system log socket.

--

End the argument list. This allows the message to start with a hyphen (-).

-V, --version

Display version information and exit.

-h, --help

Display help text and exit.

 

RETURN VALUE

The logger utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs.  

FACILITIES AND LEVELS

Valid facility names are:

auth
authpriv	for security information of a sensitive nature
cron
daemon
ftp
kern	cannot be generated from userspace process, automatically converted to user
lpr
mail
news
syslog
user
uucp
local0
to
local7
security	deprecated synonym for auth

Valid level names are:

emerg
alert
crit
err
warning
notice
info
debug
panic	deprecated synonym for emerg
error	deprecated synonym for err
warn	deprecated synonym for warning

For the priority order and intended purposes of these facilities and levels, see syslog(3).  

EXAMPLES

logger System rebooted
logger -p local0.notice -t HOSTIDM -f /dev/idmc
logger -n loghost.example.com System rebooted  

SEE ALSO

journalctl(1), syslog(3), systemd.journal-fields(7)  

STANDARDS

The logger command is expected to be IEEE Std 1003.2 ("POSIX.2") compatible.  

AVAILABILITY

The logger command is part of the util-linux package and is available from Linux Kernel Archive

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Index

NAME

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

OPTIONS

RETURN VALUE

FACILITIES AND LEVELS

EXAMPLES

SEE ALSO

STANDARDS

AVAILABILITY