qfile
Section: qfile (1)
Updated: Jun 2016
Index
Return to Main Contents
NAME
qfile - list all pkgs owning files
SYNOPSIS
qfile
[opts] <filename>
DESCRIPTION
OPTIONS
- -S, --slots
-
Display installed packages with slots
- -R, --root-prefix
-
Assume arguments are already prefixed by $ROOT
- -b, --basename
-
Match any component of the path
- -o, --orphans
-
List orphan files
- -x <arg>, --exclude <arg>
-
Don't look in package <arg> (used with --orphans)
- -e, --exact
-
Exact match (used with --exclude)
- --root <arg>
-
Set the ROOT env var
- -v, --verbose
-
Make a lot of noise
- -q, --quiet
-
Tighter output; suppress warnings
- -C, --nocolor
-
Don't output color
- -h, --help
-
Print this help and exit
- -V, --version
-
Print version and exit
FINDING FILES OWNERS
This is the default behavior of qfile. It will list the packages which
own the files (or directories, or symlinks, or anything else Portage can
install) you are querying. Query items may be file paths or simple file names.
By default, output includes packages names and the complete paths to
the matching files. If using --exact, versions of the packages will
also be shown. At the contrary, when using --quiet, only package
names are listed, without files paths. Finally, --verbose is similar
to --exact, but may adds a few warnings. The return status of
qfile will be 0 as soon as an owning package has been found for
one of the query items.
Find names of package(s) owning "/bin/bash":
$ qfile -q /bin/bash
app-shells/bash
Find package(s) owning any file named "bash", and show paths of this files:
$ qfile bash
app-shells/bash (/bin/bash)
app-shells/bash (/etc/bash)
Find packages(s) owning the file named "bash" in the current directory. Also
display their exact version:
$ cd /bin
$ qfile -e ./bash
app-shells/bash-3.1_p17 (/bin/bash)
Find the package(s) owning the libraries needed by the Bash binary:
$ qfile $(scanelf -nq -F%n#F /bin/bash | tr , '\n')
sys-libs/ncurses (/lib/libncurses.so.5)
sys-libs/glibc (/lib/libdl.so.2)
sys-libs/glibc (/lib/libc.so.6)
FINDING ORPHAN FILES
qfile can also, with the --orphans option, find files which are
not owned by any package. This behavior is the opposite of the usual file
owner search: the output is the list of query items for which no reference has
been found in your installed packages database. The --exact option has
no effect in this mode, whereas --verbose may add a few warning
messages. As for --quiet, it will completly turn off the output,
leaving just a silent test command, which returns 0 if and only if
there was no orphan in your query items.
Find the orphan libtool files of your system:
$ qfile -o $(find /lib /usr/lib -name "*.la")
/usr/lib/libGL.la
Find the libraries needed by the binary "foo" which have not been installed by
any package:
$ qfile -o $(scanelf -nq -F%n#F /path/to/foo | tr , '\n')
libinstalledmanually.so.2
$ROOT HANDLING
By setting the ROOT environment variable, you can force qfile to
work in the sytem of your choice. This example shows queries for owner of
"/bin/sh", first on your main system, and then on a system mounted on "/mnt":
$ qfile -q /bin/sh
app-shells/bash
$ ROOT=/mnt qfile -q /bin/sh
sys-apps/busybox
Note that the query item is "/bin/sh" in both commands: by default, what
qfile looks for is file paths as they are recorded in the packages
database of the target system, and this paths don't include $ROOT.
If, at the contrary, you want to query files with their current actual
paths (including the mount point), you should add the --root-prefix
(-R) option:
$ ROOT=/mnt qfile -Rq /mnt/bin/sh
sys-apps/busybox
The other difference beetween defaults and -R queries is the output
of files paths. The former doesn't include the $ROOT prefix, and the
later does:
$ ROOT=/mnt qfile sh
sys-apps/busybox (/bin/sh)
$ ROOT=/mnt qfile -R sh
sys-apps/busybox (/mnt/bin/sh)
Sure, the same differences hold when querying for orphan files:
$ ROOT=/mnt qfile -o $(ls /mnt/bin/ | sed 's:^/mnt::')
/bin/dostuff.sh
$ ROOT=/mnt qfile -Ro /mnt/bin/*
/mnt/bin/dostuff.sh
SEARCHING FOR FILE COLLISIONS
A last option of qfile is --exclude (-x), which will makes
it skip one particular package when doing its files owners search. This option
takes one argument, which can be a package name (bash or
app-shells/bash), or a versioned package (bash-3.2_p9-r1 or
app-shells/bash-3.2_p9-r1), or a slotted package (bash:0 or
app-shells/bash:0). It is useful for finding file collisions beetween
packages (ie., comparing the contents of one package with the contents of all
the others).
For example, the following script will search collisions beetween all your
installed packages. Be careful, this will takes time:
#!/bin/bash
cd $(portageq vdb_path)
for pkg in *-*/*-* ; do
[[ -f ${pkg}/CONTENTS ]] || continue
collisions=$(sed -n \
'/^obj\|^sym/s:^... \([^ ]\+\).*:1:p' \
${pkg}/CONTENTS \
| qfile -e -x ${pkg} -f -)
[[ -n ${collisions} ]] \
&& echo ">>> ${pkg}:" \
&& echo "${collisions}"
done
An other example is the following script, which can be used to check that a
binary package (.tbz2) has no conflict with any of your installed packages,
but the one it may replace (same name and slot), if any:
#!/bin/bash
pkgver=$(basename "${1}")
pkgver=${pkgver%%.tbz2}
pn=$(qatom ${pkgver} | cut -d\ -f2)
tmpdir=$(mktemp -t -d) || exit 1
tarbz2=${tmpdir}/${pkgver}.tar.bz2
xpak=${tmpdir}/${pkgver}.xpak
qtbz2 -s "${1}" "${tarbz2}" "${xpak}"
categ=$(qxpak -O -x "${xpak}" CATEGORY)
slot=$(qxpak -O -x "${xpak}" SLOT)
tar tjf "${tarbz2}" \
| sed -e 's:^\./:/:' -e '\:/$:d' \
| qfile -e -f - -x ${categ}/${pn}:${slot}
rm -rf "${tmpdir}"
ADDITIONAL CONTRIBUTORS
TGL degrenier[at]easyconnect.fr
REPORTING BUGS
Please report bugs via
http://bugs.gentoo.org/
Product: Portage Development; Component: Tools
AUTHORS
Ned Ludd <solar@gentoo.org>
Mike Frysinger <vapier@gentoo.org>
SEE ALSO
q(1),
qatom(1),
qcache(1),
qcheck(1),
qdepends(1),
qgrep(1),
qlist(1),
qlop(1),
qmerge(1),
qpkg(1),
qsearch(1),
qsize(1),
qtbz2(1),
quse(1),
qxpak(1)
Index
- NAME
-
- SYNOPSIS
-
- DESCRIPTION
-
- OPTIONS
-
- FINDING FILES OWNERS
-
- FINDING ORPHAN FILES
-
- $ROOT HANDLING
-
- SEARCHING FOR FILE COLLISIONS
-
- ADDITIONAL CONTRIBUTORS
-
- REPORTING BUGS
-
- AUTHORS
-
- SEE ALSO
-
|
|
- Running on 
-
:
: 