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wchar.h
Section: POSIX Programmer's Manual (0P) Updated: 2013 Index
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PROLOG
This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual.
The Linux implementation of this interface may differ (consult
the corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior),
or the interface may not be implemented on Linux.
NAME
wchar.h
--- wide-character handling
SYNOPSIS
#include <wchar.h>
DESCRIPTION
Some of the functionality described on this reference page extends the
ISO C standard. Applications shall define the appropriate feature test macro
(see the System Interfaces volume of POSIX.1-2008,
Section 2.2, The Compilation Environment)
to enable the visibility of these symbols in this header.
The
<wchar.h>
header shall define the following types:
- FILE
-
As described in
<stdio.h>.
- locale_t
-
As described in
<locale.h>.
- mbstate_t
-
An object type other than an array type that can hold the conversion
state information necessary to convert between sequences of (possibly
multi-byte) characters and wide characters.
If a codeset is being used such that an
mbstate_t
needs to preserve more than two levels of reserved state, the
results are unspecified.
- size_t
-
As described in
<stddef.h>.
- va_list
-
As described in
<stdarg.h>.
- wchar_t
-
As described in
<stddef.h>.
- wctype_t
-
A scalar type of a data object that can hold values which represent
locale-specific character classification.
- wint_t
-
An integer type capable of storing any valid value of
wchar_t
or WEOF.
The tag
tm
shall be declared as naming an incomplete structure type, the contents
of which are described in the
<time.h>
header.
The implementation shall support one or more programming environments
in which the width of
wint_t
is no greater than the width of type
long.
The names of these programming environments can be obtained using the
confstr()
function or the
getconf
utility.
The
<wchar.h>
header shall define the following macros:
- WCHAR_MAX
-
As described in
<stdint.h>.
- WCHAR_MIN
-
As described in
<stdint.h>.
- WEOF
-
Constant expression of type
wint_t
that is returned by several WP functions to indicate end-of-file.
- NULL
-
As described in
<stddef.h>.
Inclusion of the
<wchar.h>
header may make visible all symbols from the headers
<ctype.h>,
<string.h>,
<stdarg.h>,
<stddef.h>,
<stdio.h>,
<stdlib.h>,
and
<time.h>.
The following shall be declared as functions and may also be defined
as macros. Function prototypes shall be provided for use with ISO C standard
compilers.
-
wint_t btowc(int);
wint_t fgetwc(FILE *);
wchar_t *fgetws(wchar_t *restrict, int, FILE *restrict);
wint_t fputwc(wchar_t, FILE *);
int fputws(const wchar_t *restrict, FILE *restrict);
int fwide(FILE *, int);
int fwprintf(FILE *restrict, const wchar_t *restrict, ...);
int fwscanf(FILE *restrict, const wchar_t *restrict, ...);
wint_t getwc(FILE *);
wint_t getwchar(void);
int iswalnum(wint_t);
int iswalpha(wint_t);
int iswcntrl(wint_t);
int iswctype(wint_t, wctype_t);
int iswdigit(wint_t);
int iswgraph(wint_t);
int iswlower(wint_t);
int iswprint(wint_t);
int iswpunct(wint_t);
int iswspace(wint_t);
int iswupper(wint_t);
int iswxdigit(wint_t);
size_t mbrlen(const char *restrict, size_t, mbstate_t *restrict);
size_t mbrtowc(wchar_t *restrict, const char *restrict, size_t,
mbstate_t *restrict);
int mbsinit(const mbstate_t *);
size_t mbsnrtowcs(wchar_t *restrict, const char **restrict,
size_t, size_t, mbstate_t *restrict);
size_t mbsrtowcs(wchar_t *restrict, const char **restrict, size_t,
mbstate_t *restrict);
FILE *open_wmemstream(wchar_t **, size_t *);
wint_t putwc(wchar_t, FILE *);
wint_t putwchar(wchar_t);
int swprintf(wchar_t *restrict, size_t,
const wchar_t *restrict, ...);
int swscanf(const wchar_t *restrict,
const wchar_t *restrict, ...);
wint_t towlower(wint_t);
wint_t towupper(wint_t);
wint_t ungetwc(wint_t, FILE *);
int vfwprintf(FILE *restrict, const wchar_t *restrict, va_list);
int vfwscanf(FILE *restrict, const wchar_t *restrict, va_list);
int vswprintf(wchar_t *restrict, size_t,
const wchar_t *restrict, va_list);
int vswscanf(const wchar_t *restrict, const wchar_t *restrict,
va_list);
int vwprintf(const wchar_t *restrict, va_list);
int vwscanf(const wchar_t *restrict, va_list);
wchar_t *wcpcpy(wchar_t *restrict, const wchar_t *restrict);
wchar_t *wcpncpy(wchar_t *restrict, const wchar_t *restrict, size_t);
size_t wcrtomb(char *restrict, wchar_t, mbstate_t *restrict);
int wcscasecmp(const wchar_t *, const wchar_t *);
int wcscasecmp_l(const wchar_t *, const wchar_t *, locale_t);
wchar_t *wcscat(wchar_t *restrict, const wchar_t *restrict);
wchar_t *wcschr(const wchar_t *, wchar_t);
int wcscmp(const wchar_t *, const wchar_t *);
int wcscoll(const wchar_t *, const wchar_t *);
int wcscoll_l(const wchar_t *, const wchar_t *, locale_t);
wchar_t *wcscpy(wchar_t *restrict, const wchar_t *restrict);
size_t wcscspn(const wchar_t *, const wchar_t *);
wchar_t *wcsdup(const wchar_t *);
size_t wcsftime(wchar_t *restrict, size_t,
const wchar_t *restrict, const struct tm *restrict);
size_t wcslen(const wchar_t *);
int wcsncasecmp(const wchar_t *, const wchar_t *, size_t);
int wcsncasecmp_l(const wchar_t *, const wchar_t *, size_t,
locale_t);
wchar_t *wcsncat(wchar_t *restrict, const wchar_t *restrict, size_t);
int wcsncmp(const wchar_t *, const wchar_t *, size_t);
wchar_t *wcsncpy(wchar_t *restrict, const wchar_t *restrict, size_t);
size_t wcsnlen(const wchar_t *, size_t);
size_t wcsnrtombs(char *restrict, const wchar_t **restrict, size_t,
size_t, mbstate_t *restrict);
wchar_t *wcspbrk(const wchar_t *, const wchar_t *);
wchar_t *wcsrchr(const wchar_t *, wchar_t);
size_t wcsrtombs(char *restrict, const wchar_t **restrict,
size_t, mbstate_t *restrict);
size_t wcsspn(const wchar_t *, const wchar_t *);
wchar_t *wcsstr(const wchar_t *restrict, const wchar_t *restrict);
double wcstod(const wchar_t *restrict, wchar_t **restrict);
float wcstof(const wchar_t *restrict, wchar_t **restrict);
wchar_t *wcstok(wchar_t *restrict, const wchar_t *restrict,
wchar_t **restrict);
long wcstol(const wchar_t *restrict, wchar_t **restrict, int);
long double wcstold(const wchar_t *restrict, wchar_t **restrict);
long long wcstoll(const wchar_t *restrict, wchar_t **restrict, int);
unsigned long wcstoul(const wchar_t *restrict, wchar_t **restrict, int);
unsigned long long
wcstoull(const wchar_t *restrict, wchar_t **restrict, int);
int wcswidth(const wchar_t *, size_t);
size_t wcsxfrm(wchar_t *restrict, const wchar_t *restrict, size_t);
size_t wcsxfrm_l(wchar_t *restrict, const wchar_t *restrict,
size_t, locale_t);
int wctob(wint_t);
wctype_t wctype(const char *);
int wcwidth(wchar_t);
wchar_t *wmemchr(const wchar_t *, wchar_t, size_t);
int wmemcmp(const wchar_t *, const wchar_t *, size_t);
wchar_t *wmemcpy(wchar_t *restrict, const wchar_t *restrict, size_t);
wchar_t *wmemmove(wchar_t *, const wchar_t *, size_t);
wchar_t *wmemset(wchar_t *, wchar_t, size_t);
int wprintf(const wchar_t *restrict, ...);
int wscanf(const wchar_t *restrict, ...);
The following sections are informative.
APPLICATION USAGE
The
iswblank()
function was a late addition to the ISO C standard and was introduced at the same
time as the ISO C standard introduced
<wctype.h>,
which contains all of the
isw*()
functions. The Open Group Base Specifications had previously aligned
with the MSE working draft and had introduced the rest of the
isw*()
functions into
<wchar.h>.
For backwards-compatibility, the original set of
isw*()
functions, without
iswblank(),
are permitted (as part of the XSI option) in
<wchar.h>.
For maximum portability, applications should include
<wctype.h>
in order to obtain declarations for the
isw*()
functions. This compatibility has been made obsolescent.
RATIONALE
In the ISO C standard, the symbols referenced as XSI extensions are in
<wctype.h>.
Their presence here is thus an extension.
FUTURE DIRECTIONS
None.
SEE ALSO
<ctype.h>,
<locale.h>,
<stdarg.h>,
<stddef.h>,
<stdint.h>,
<stdio.h>,
<stdlib.h>,
<string.h>,
<time.h>,
<wctype.h>
The System Interfaces volume of POSIX.1-2008,
Section 2.2, The Compilation Environment,
btowc(),
confstr(),
fgetwc(),
fgetws(),
fputwc(),
fputws(),
fwide(),
fwprintf(),
fwscanf(),
getwc(),
getwchar(),
iswalnum(),
iswalpha(),
iswcntrl(),
iswctype(),
iswdigit(),
iswgraph(),
iswlower(),
iswprint(),
iswpunct(),
iswspace(),
iswupper(),
iswxdigit(),
mbrlen(),
mbrtowc(),
mbsinit(),
mbsrtowcs(),
open_memstream(),
putwc(),
putwchar(),
towlower(),
towupper(),
ungetwc(),
vfwprintf(),
vfwscanf(),
wcrtomb(),
wcscasecmp(),
wcscat(),
wcschr(),
wcscmp(),
wcscoll(),
wcscpy(),
wcscspn(),
wcsdup(),
wcsftime(),
wcslen(),
wcsncat(),
wcsncmp(),
wcsncpy(),
wcspbrk(),
wcsrchr(),
wcsrtombs(),
wcsspn(),
wcsstr(),
wcstod(),
wcstok(),
wcstol(),
wcstoul(),
wcswidth(),
wcsxfrm(),
wctob(),
wctype(),
wcwidth(),
wmemchr(),
wmemcmp(),
wmemcpy(),
wmemmove(),
wmemset()
The Shell and Utilities volume of POSIX.1-2008,
getconf
COPYRIGHT
Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form
from IEEE Std 1003.1, 2013 Edition, Standard for Information Technology
-- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base
Specifications Issue 7, Copyright (C) 2013 by the Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group.
(This is POSIX.1-2008 with the 2013 Technical Corrigendum 1 applied.) In the
event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and
The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard
is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at
http://www.unix.org/online.html .
Any typographical or formatting errors that appear
in this page are most likely
to have been introduced during the conversion of the source files to
man page format. To report such errors, see
https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/reporting_bugs.html .
Index
- PROLOG
-
- NAME
-
- SYNOPSIS
-
- DESCRIPTION
-
- APPLICATION USAGE
-
- RATIONALE
-
- FUTURE DIRECTIONS
-
- SEE ALSO
-
- COPYRIGHT
-
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